Benefits of burning forests

1) In shifting cultivation, parts of forests are cut and burnt in rotation. Seeds are sown in ashes after the first monsoon rains, and the crop is harvested by October – November. Such plots are cultivated for a couple of years and then left fallow for 12 to 18 years for the forests to regenerate

2) A mixture of crops are grown on these plots. For example, in central India and Africa, millets are sown, in Brazil manioc, and in other parts of Latin America maize and beans are cultivated

Harmful effects of burning forests

1) But, burning of forests are considered as harmful practice by European foresters

2) According to them, land that was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees that are useful for railway timber

3) When the forests are burnt, there is always a danger of flames spreading and burning valuable timber

New trade, new services and new employment reflect that society is becoming complex with higher degree of division of labour (new fields or sectors). It also talks about the development of the society.