2) Read the passages given below and answer the questions that follow.12MarksAdults may not be the only ones prone to heart ailments, newborns are equallyat risk. Newborns in India have high fat inside the abdomen leading to a higher risk ofheart diseases from birth itself, according to a study.Findings of the cohort study, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,show Indian children have less muscle and more fat in their body as compared tomany other places around the world. As a result, Indians are more susceptible tometabolic diseases.Doctors say the risk can be minimised if pregnant mothers keep their weightunder check and the fat is not passed on to the newborn. Besides, the presence ofsuch fat in the body from birth enhances the importance of exercise and physicalactivity"Indian newborns often carry extra weight and therefore, it is important forparents to encourage playing, physical activity and observe healthy eating habits,says Dr Anoop Misra, chairman of Fortis C-DOC Centre for Diabetes. He saidabdominal fat is not only responsible for high blood pressure but various other heartdiseases as well as insulin resistance and diabetes."A susceptibility to metabolic diseases is associated with abdominal adipose(2)tissue distribution and varies between ethnic groups," the findings of the study said,highlighting the link between body fat and heart diseases.It also showed that Indian neonates have more body fat than Chineseneonates.Another recent study in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology hadshown that women consuming food rich in fructose or fruit sugar levels can put theirbabies at risk of developing heart disease as adults.Cohort studies conducted in Europe have also found links between childhoodabdominal fat and heart diseases with as many as 35.4% of overweight childrensuffering from high blood pressure there. In India, childhood obesity is reachingalarming proportions with around 22% prevalence rate over the last five years.According to Dr Misra, addressing obesity and overweight at school level isimportant to control the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases among adults.According to the World Health Organization, childhood overweight and obesityare rapidly increasing in developing Asian countries, including India.The number of overweight children in low and middle-Income countries hasmore than doubled from 7.5 million to 15.5 million between 1990 and 2014. In 2014,almost half (48%) of all overweight and obese children under 5 years age lived in Asiaand one quarter (25%) in Africa.2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the givenquestions in 30-40 words.2x4=8M1. Why are newborns at risk of heart diseases in India?2. How according to doctors can this risk be minimized?3. How is abdominal fat harmful?4. What have studies conducted in Europe found?2.2 Choose the most appropriate meanings of the given words/phrasesfrom the options provided.1x4=4M1.quarter(a) one third (b) one fourth (C) one-tenth(d) one fifth2.ailments (para 1)(a) difficulties (b) troubles (c) diseases(d) injuries3. enhances (para 3)(a) increases (b) decreases (c) helps (d) encourages4. obesity(a) very healthy (6) weighty (c) being fat (d) having fat​